Event Details
Lithium was designated as a critical mineral by the U.S. Department of Interior in 2018. It is an essential component of lithium-ion batteries that have been used in consumer electronics since the 1990s. Future demand for lithium will come mainly from electric vehicles and utility-scale energy storage. Global lithium production currently comes primarily from Australia, Chile, Argentina and China. The U.S. is a minor producer at present but has significant undeveloped resources.
An overview of the chemical properties and natural occurrence of lithium will provide a basis of the review of four of the major U.S. resources – King's Mountain, North Carolina (pegmatite), Thacker Pass and Rhyolite Ridge, Nevada (volcanic-sourced clay), Silver Peak, Nevada (salar aquifer brine) and the Smackover Formation of East Texas and south Arkansas (deep reservoir brine). Recovery methods, processing and total potential for each resource area will be discussed. These four major resource types account for nearly all of the global lithium reserves.